Minutes, if there is still no change, you may say there was no reaction (NR). Mixing, set it aside and periodically check on it to see if there are changes. If a precipitate does not form within a few minutes of Reaction completion is determined by the appearance of a Some reactions will finish almost instantly and other will take longer or Time it takes for the reactions to complete. You will mix the reactants in test tubes and observe the Choose the one youīelieve most likely to occur in each part.ġ. Draw one (1) mechanism from each part of the experiment. What is the nucleophile in the reactions using NaI in acetone?ģ. What is the nucleophile in the reactions using AgNO3 in ethanol?Ģ. In your lab notebook, make a detailed list of all waste that will be generated in thisġ. In your lab notebook, prepare a list of all chemicals with which you will be working.Ī) List any and all hazards associated with each chemical.ī) List all relevant physical constants for each chemical.Ĭ) List any other precautions for this lab.Ģ. Protic solvents act toīlock the path from nucleophile to substrate in SN2 reactions, so aprotic solvents workġ. Help separate and stabilize the carbocation and leaving group. Protic solvents are important in SN1 reactions as they Protic solvents are those with the ability to form hydrogen bonds, while aprotic In SN2 the nucleophile needs to attack the carbonĭirectly, where in SN1 the carbocation is a very easy target and a weak nucleophile will There may be a noticeable difference between the reaction rateīoth reactions are favored by a good nucleophile, but the nucleophile is more Reactions work by direct backside attack by a nucleophile, steric hinderance must beĬonsidered and only primary (1˚) and secondary (2˚) substrates work well.įor both SN1 and SN2 reactions, the leaving group need to be stable on its own ofter The substrate may contain a primary (1˚), secondary (2˚), or tertiary (3˚) leaving group.īecause SN1 reactions work by forming a carbocation intermediate, the substrate mustīe secondary (2˚) or tertiary (3˚) in order for the intermediate to be stable. In this lab you will compare several factors that will influence how well each
Nucleophilic substitution reactions are very common and versatile organic chemistry
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions: SN1 and SN2